# Installing the system on a USB drive (Bootable USB)

Before starting, download the disk image file with the `.raw` extension. You can do this [here](https://www.mikopbx.com/download/).

{% embed url="<https://youtu.be/rDxNadH8u9c>" %}

## Installing the system on a USB drive

### Windows

{% hint style="danger" %}
The USB drive must be at least 1 GB in size. **All data on the USB drive will be deleted!**
{% endhint %}

This guide uses the **balenaEtcher** utility. You can download it [here](https://etcher.balena.io/).

1. First, format your USB drive with the following parameters:

* **File system** - FAT32
* **Allocation unit size** - 8192 bytes

<figure><img src="https://835495363-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FsZ8acWnNlSalIHQjMFu1%2Fuploads%2FUVX9HawvZKrjZUMSVNpo%2FformatFlashUSB.png?alt=media&#x26;token=c3c34f99-f522-4aea-80ea-36fd954c9061" alt=""><figcaption><p>Formatting USB drive</p></figcaption></figure>

2. Open **balenaEtcher**. Click "**Flash from file**" and select the previously downloaded `.raw` file.

<figure><img src="https://835495363-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FsZ8acWnNlSalIHQjMFu1%2Fuploads%2FpN06FBWtuEPQSsgOtev2%2FbEflashFromFile.png?alt=media&#x26;token=26c11be5-0b31-4775-898a-4cb28f1873c9" alt=""><figcaption><p>"Flash from file" button</p></figcaption></figure>

3. Click "**Select target**".

<figure><img src="https://835495363-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FsZ8acWnNlSalIHQjMFu1%2Fuploads%2FLgS52lFO5zfScui6Yx6I%2FbEselectTarget.png?alt=media&#x26;token=0cc5a7df-925d-4124-b18d-059104c4b08e" alt=""><figcaption><p>"Select target" button</p></figcaption></figure>

4. From the list, select your USB drive. Then click "**Select 1**".

<figure><img src="https://835495363-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FsZ8acWnNlSalIHQjMFu1%2Fuploads%2FZyFO8fAkMuuuXs2zBrTg%2FbEselectTargetDialog.png?alt=media&#x26;token=2b311702-8a0f-4b03-9879-a6b54cca82a8" alt=""><figcaption><p>Selecting the disk for writing</p></figcaption></figure>

5. Next, click "**Flash!**"

<figure><img src="https://835495363-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FsZ8acWnNlSalIHQjMFu1%2Fuploads%2FNIacl8UrD3GqmZ3TFOEL%2FbEflash!.png?alt=media&#x26;token=35c50fbd-f03c-45a4-82d3-1c39546b8a26" alt=""><figcaption><p>"Flash!" button</p></figcaption></figure>

Wait for the process to complete. Then proceed to the section ["Booting from USB drive"](#booting-from-usb-drive).

<figure><img src="https://835495363-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FsZ8acWnNlSalIHQjMFu1%2Fuploads%2FnfyezOiB1W2MdscYRl3J%2FbEflashComplete.png?alt=media&#x26;token=d958994e-d334-48dd-ade4-5a8db4fac03f" alt=""><figcaption><p>Successfully writed image</p></figcaption></figure>

### MacOS

1. Connect your USB drive and open the Terminal.

{% hint style="danger" %}
The USB drive must be at least 1 GB in size. **All data on the USB drive will be deleted!**
{% endhint %}

2. Run the following command:

```bash
diskutil list
```

This command displays all connected disks. Look for the disk labeled **(external, physical)**.\
In our case, it is **disk4** (the number may differ on your system). Use this number in the following steps.

<figure><img src="https://835495363-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FsZ8acWnNlSalIHQjMFu1%2Fuploads%2FBK1agj77XpXFzw0zJS8z%2FdiskutilListNew.png?alt=media&#x26;token=6f1c6411-4c4b-4a38-b678-4bdfecd8d86e" alt=""><figcaption><p>List of all available disks</p></figcaption></figure>

3. Next, format the USB drive using this command:

```bash
sudo diskutil eraseDisk FAT32 NONAME MBRFormat /dev/disk4;
```

{% hint style="danger" %}
**All data on the disk will be deleted!** Double-check the disk name before formatting!
{% endhint %}

Enter your administrator password when prompted and wait for the formatting to complete.

<figure><img src="https://835495363-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FsZ8acWnNlSalIHQjMFu1%2Fuploads%2FV7UgkwDSERYWi9CCbWEZ%2FeraseDiskUtil.png?alt=media&#x26;token=641b7421-63b6-4c1e-8c8e-eb8c9cc01385" alt=""><figcaption><p>Formatting the disk</p></figcaption></figure>

4. Unmount (disconnect) the disk using the following command:

```bash
sudo diskutil unmountDisk /dev/disk4;
```

<figure><img src="https://835495363-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FsZ8acWnNlSalIHQjMFu1%2Fuploads%2FEX3oPScX4xKq6vrDw5lO%2Funmount.png?alt=media&#x26;token=8ce5628a-3be5-4789-a7c4-7bb2f47f2124" alt=""><figcaption><p>unmountDisk command</p></figcaption></figure>

5. Write the image to the USB drive using this command:

```bash
sudo dd if=mikopbx-2024.1.114-x86_64.raw of=/dev/disk4 bs=1m;
```

Wait for the writing process to complete. Then proceed to the section ["Booting from USB drive"](#booting-from-usb-drive).

<figure><img src="https://835495363-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FsZ8acWnNlSalIHQjMFu1%2Fuploads%2Fd60dGn4WL91IAcwyeoro%2FddWriteRaw.png?alt=media&#x26;token=10414a81-b909-447c-8da6-81af38eb446c" alt=""><figcaption><p>Successfully writed image</p></figcaption></figure>

### Linux

In this example, the image writing process will be demonstrated on Ubuntu 24.04.

1. Connect your USB drive and open the Terminal.

{% hint style="danger" %}
The USB drive must be at least 1 GB in size. **All data on the USB drive will be deleted!**
{% endhint %}

2. Run the following command:

```bash
lsblk
```

This command displays information about all connected disks. Find your USB drive in the list and note its name. In our case, it is **sdb**.

<figure><img src="https://835495363-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FsZ8acWnNlSalIHQjMFu1%2Fuploads%2Fs1BOv4nfoTO7gloDkc2J%2FlsblkCommand.png?alt=media&#x26;token=21fb55bc-00b6-44c5-9cb9-cc14c1bfa152" alt=""><figcaption><p>"lsblk" command</p></figcaption></figure>

3. Next, format the USB drive using this command:

```bash
sudo mkfs.vfat -F 32 -n NONAME /dev/sdb
```

{% hint style="danger" %}
**All data on the disk will be deleted!** Double-check the disk name before formatting!
{% endhint %}

Enter your administrator password when prompted and wait for the formatting to complete.

<figure><img src="https://835495363-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FsZ8acWnNlSalIHQjMFu1%2Fuploads%2FNuUFOaLo5KpxQoXVDY6t%2FformatDisk(mkfs.vfat).png?alt=media&#x26;token=dc51ff4c-4aa8-4ddf-8e12-ed2d27ccc055" alt=""><figcaption><p>Formatting the disk</p></figcaption></figure>

4. Unmount (disconnect) the disk using this command:

```bash
sudo umount /dev/sdb*
```

<figure><img src="https://835495363-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FsZ8acWnNlSalIHQjMFu1%2Fuploads%2FRVi5Jt2QBkevPNInfHuS%2FumountCommand.png?alt=media&#x26;token=3d9b9294-d631-432f-87c1-e953d4486d84" alt=""><figcaption><p>"umount" command</p></figcaption></figure>

5. Write the image to the USB drive using this command:

```bash
sudo dd if=mikopbx-2024.1.114-x86_64.raw of=/dev/sdb bs=1M
```

Wait for the process to complete. Then proceed to the section ["Booting from USB drive"](#booting-from-usb-drive).

<figure><img src="https://835495363-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FsZ8acWnNlSalIHQjMFu1%2Fuploads%2FDmLahcJImbg73peMBV1e%2FsuccessfulWritedImage(Ubuntu)raw.png?alt=media&#x26;token=bda3b607-133f-4fd6-a4be-cd039055c752" alt=""><figcaption><p>Successfully writed image</p></figcaption></figure>

## Booting from USB drive

1. Boot from the USB drive. If errors occur (black screen), make sure that:

* **Secure Boot** - Disabled
* **CSM (Compatibility Support Module)** - Enabled

<figure><img src="https://835495363-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FsZ8acWnNlSalIHQjMFu1%2Fuploads%2FkX09kjBEATkc3Fv5iKLA%2FmikopbxStorageNotConnected.jpg?alt=media&#x26;token=53c34163-4d14-4590-8c6d-eefed2320863" alt=""><figcaption><p>Booting from USB drive</p></figcaption></figure>

2. The system has successfully booted, but no drive is connected for storing call recordings. To connect it, use the arrow keys to navigate to "**\[6] Data storage**" and press **Enter**.

<figure><img src="https://835495363-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FsZ8acWnNlSalIHQjMFu1%2Fuploads%2FjlRkO7qGPcH7tZZWNLy0%2FDataStorageSection.jpg?alt=media&#x26;token=a7065dde-efea-43f7-9bf8-bd7fb2c20dfb" alt=""><figcaption><p>"<strong>[6] Data Storage</strong>" section</p></figcaption></figure>

3. Then select "**Mount drive as data storage**" to connect the disk.

<figure><img src="https://835495363-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FsZ8acWnNlSalIHQjMFu1%2Fuploads%2FJSw6EAdWRSmqt9lHRR2R%2FchooseAnActionDisk.jpg?alt=media&#x26;token=18f9988c-7324-4117-b721-894863f18109" alt=""><figcaption><p>"<strong>Mount drive as data storage</strong>" option</p></figcaption></figure>

4. Select the disk that will be used to store call recordings. Enter its ID (name), for example **sdc** in our case, and press **Enter**.

<figure><img src="https://835495363-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FsZ8acWnNlSalIHQjMFu1%2Fuploads%2Fr1bRjKhmODolnxi08Xfb%2FchooseTheDisk.jpg?alt=media&#x26;token=82de202b-3e60-42b1-8a88-be7749cff3ba" alt=""><figcaption><p>Selecting the disk</p></figcaption></figure>

5. After this, the system will reboot and will be ready for use and for the first login to the Web interface.

<figure><img src="https://835495363-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FsZ8acWnNlSalIHQjMFu1%2Fuploads%2Fa50PZjYalYDeKHdaw6CN%2FMikoPBXSystemReady.jpg?alt=media&#x26;token=2c7cd4f0-1bec-4fe8-8832-11fd3305b6b2" alt=""><figcaption><p>Successfully installed MikoPBX system</p></figcaption></figure>

To open the Web interface, enter your MikoPBX IP address in your browser’s address bar.\
Use the default login credentials.

{% hint style="success" %}
Default credentials for first login to the Web interface:

Login: admin\
Password: admin
{% endhint %}

<figure><img src="https://835495363-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FsZ8acWnNlSalIHQjMFu1%2Fuploads%2FiX2NwOulUj1jV0IjDFpW%2FMikoPBXweb.jpg?alt=media&#x26;token=263b7061-e0d2-4e15-88e6-a29cf5653c96" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


---

# Agent Instructions: Querying This Documentation

If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question.

Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter:

```
GET https://docs.mikopbx.com/mikopbx/english/setup/bare-metal/bootable-usb.md?ask=<question>
```

The question should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language.
The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation.

Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.